⚖️ Islamic Inheritance Calculator (Mirath / Faraid)
Estate & Heirs Information
Net Distributable Estate
⚖️ Each Heir's Share
Select the surviving heirs on the left, then click Calculate.
How to Use the Islamic Inheritance Calculator
Islamic Inheritance Law — known as Ilm al-Faraid (the Science of Shares) — is among the most precisely defined systems in the Quran. Allah has personally assigned specific shares to each class of heirs in Surah An-Nisa (4:11–12), making it a divine obligation that Muslims must follow when distributing an estate.
Enter the total estate value, any debts or funeral expenses, and select all surviving heirs (spouse, sons, daughters, father, mother, and siblings). The calculator applies Hanafi Faraid rules — including Asabah (residuary) allocation, Awl (proportional reduction when shares exceed the estate), and Radd (return of residue to fixed-share heirs) — to show each heir's exact fraction and PKR amount.
1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/3, 1/6, 2/3 — exact shares as ordained
Automatic proportional reduction or return applied when needed
Spouse, children, parents, full, consanguine & uterine siblings
Islamic Inheritance (Faraid): This calculator handles the most common inheritance scenarios based on Hanafi fiqh. Complex cases such as Awl (proportional reduction), Radd (return), Kalalah, unborn heirs, or missing persons require a qualified Islamic scholar.
Disclaimer: This is an estimated calculation only. Islamic inheritance law is complex and results may vary. Always verify your result with a qualified Mufti or Muslim family lawyer before distributing the estate.
📖 Complete Guide to Islamic Inheritance (Faraid / Mirath) in Pakistan — Hanafi Fiqh
What is Faraid (Islamic Inheritance Law)?
Faraid (Arabic: فرائض) refers to the mandatory Islamic system of inheritance distribution defined in the Quran and Sunnah. It specifies fixed shares for each eligible heir depending on their relationship to the deceased. The word comes from "Faridah" meaning "obligatory share." Unlike civil inheritance laws which allow full freedom to distribute assets however one wishes through a will, Islamic law mandates specific minimum shares for relatives — a bequest (Wasiyyah) to non-heirs can only cover up to one-third of the estate, and the remaining two-thirds must be distributed per Faraid rules. In Pakistan, Muslim inheritance is governed by the Muslim Family Laws Ordinance 1961 alongside Islamic Faraid principles.
Steps Before Distribution — Settle These First
- Funeral expenses (Tajheez wa Takfeen): Reasonable funeral and burial costs are settled first from the estate
- Outstanding debts: All debts of the deceased — bank loans, personal loans, unpaid bills, mahr (dower) owed to wife — must be paid from the estate before distribution
- Wasiyyah (Bequest): If the deceased left a valid will, bequests to non-heirs are fulfilled up to a maximum of one-third of the remaining estate
- Faraid distribution: The remaining estate is then distributed among heirs according to their fixed Islamic shares
The Three Categories of Heirs in Hanafi Fiqh
| Category | Arabic Term | Description | Priority |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fixed-share heirs | Ashaab al-Furud | Heirs with Quranic-specified fixed shares (1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 2/3, 1/3, 1/6) | Highest — paid first |
| Residuaries | Asabah | Heirs who receive what remains after fixed-share heirs are paid (sons, father, brothers in male line) | Second |
| Distant relatives | Dhawil Arham | Relatives who are neither Furud nor Asabah — inherit only when no closer heirs exist | Third |
Fixed Shares of Primary Heirs — Quran-Specified (Hanafi)
| Heir | Share When… | Share | Blocked By |
|---|---|---|---|
| Husband | Wife has no children | 1/2 | — |
| Husband | Wife has children | 1/4 | — |
| Wife | Husband has no children | 1/4 | — |
| Wife | Husband has children | 1/8 | — |
| Daughter (1 only) | No son | 1/2 | Son (becomes Asabah with son) |
| Daughters (2 or more) | No son | 2/3 shared | Son |
| Father | No son, no grandson | 1/3 or more | Son reduces him to 1/6 |
| Father | Son or grandson present | 1/6 | — |
| Mother | No children, no 2+ siblings | 1/3 | Children reduce to 1/6 |
| Mother | Children OR 2+ siblings present | 1/6 | — |
Sons & Daughters — The Asabah Rule Explained
Sons are Asabah (residuary heirs) — they receive what remains after all fixed-share heirs are paid. When a daughter inherits alongside a son, she becomes Asabah with the son under the rule: "for the male, twice the share of the female" (Quran 4:11). So if an estate has one son and one daughter (and no other heirs), they share the residue in a 2:1 ratio — son gets 2/3, daughter gets 1/3. If there are two sons and two daughters: each son gets 2 shares, each daughter gets 1 share, so sons share 4/6 and daughters share 2/6 of the total estate.
Awl — When Shares Exceed the Estate
Sometimes the sum of all fixed shares exceeds the total estate (more than 1 whole). In this case, Awl (proportional reduction) applies — each heir's share is proportionally reduced so the total equals 100%.
Awl Example
Deceased leaves: Wife, 2 daughters, mother, and a sister (no son).
Nominal shares: Wife 1/8 + Daughters 2/3 + Mother 1/6 + Sister 1/6 = 3/24 + 16/24 + 4/24 + 4/24 = 27/24 (exceeds 1!)
Under Awl: Each heir receives their nominal share as a fraction of 27 (not 24).
Wife: 3/27 = 11.1% | Daughters: 16/27 = 59.3% | Mother: 4/27 = 14.8% | Sister: 4/27 = 14.8%
Frequently Asked Questions — Islamic Inheritance (Faraid) Pakistan
Islamic Inheritance Law — known as Ilm al-Faraid — is the system of wealth distribution ordained in Surah An-Nisa (4:11–12) of the Quran. In Pakistan, it is legally enforceable under the Muslim Family Laws Ordinance 1961 and the West Pakistan Muslim Personal Law (Shariat) Application Act 1962. Pakistani courts apply Hanafi Faraid rules by default for Muslim estates. This means distributing an estate contrary to Faraid rules is not only Islamically wrong but also legally contestable.
Under Hanafi Faraid, sons and daughters both inherit as Asabah (residuary heirs) — but a son's share is twice a daughter's share, as ordained in Quran 4:11: lilzakari mithlu hazzil-unthayayn. If there are 2 sons and 1 daughter, the estate (after spouse's share) is divided into 5 parts: each son gets 2/5 and the daughter gets 1/5. If there are only daughters with no sons, they receive 2/3 jointly (if 2 or more), or 1/2 (if only one daughter).
A wife receives 1/8 of the net estate if her husband leaves children, or 1/4 if he leaves no children — as fixed in Quran 4:12. This is her minimum Quranic share. She does not inherit the house specifically — she gets 1/8 of the total estate value. However, she has a separate right to her unpaid Mahr (dower) which must be paid as a debt from the estate before any distribution. If the family voluntarily gives her the house from her share, that is permissible by mutual agreement.
If there are no sons, the estate distribution depends on who is present. Daughters receive their fixed shares (1/2 for one daughter, 2/3 for two or more). The residue (Asabah) goes to the next Asabah heir — typically the father, brothers, or paternal uncles in that order. If no Asabah exists, the residue returns to the fixed-share heirs through Radd (proportional return). This is a complex area — our calculator handles the most common scenarios but always verify with a qualified Mufti for unusual heir combinations.
Yes — absolutely. Islamic law requires three things to be settled from the estate before any heir receives anything: (1) Funeral and burial expenses (reasonable costs only); (2) All outstanding debts — to banks, to individuals, to the government — must be paid in full even if it exhausts the entire estate; (3) Execution of any valid Will (Wasiyyah) up to one-third of the remaining estate. Enter all debts and funeral costs in our calculator to get the correct distributable estate.
After a Muslim's death, follow these steps: (1) Obtain a Legal Heir Certificate from NADRA — confirms who the legal heirs are; (2) Obtain a Succession Certificate from a Civil Court — required for movable assets (bank accounts, investments, vehicles); (3) Apply for Intiqal (mutation) at the Patwari's office for immovable property — updates land records in heirs' names; (4) All heirs must agree on division, or any heir can file a partition suit in Civil Court. Complete this process within 1 year of death to avoid complications.
When a Muslim dies intestate (without a will) in Pakistan, their entire estate is distributed according to Islamic Faraid law as codified in the Muslim Family Laws Ordinance 1961. There is no court discretion — the Quranic shares apply automatically. The legal heirs must obtain a Succession Certificate from a civil court or a legal heir certificate from NADRA to access and transfer assets. Use our Islamic Inheritance Calculator to calculate each heir's exact share.
📚 Related Tools & Guides
Radd — When Heirs Do Not Use Full Estate
Radd (return) applies when fixed-share heirs do not consume the entire estate and there are no Asabah. The remaining balance is returned proportionally to the fixed-share heirs (excluding the spouse). Example: Mother inherits 1/3 and daughter inherits 1/2, total = 5/6. The remaining 1/6 is returned to them proportionally: mother gets 1/5 of the 1/6 returned and daughter gets 4/5 — effectively mother gets 2/10 and daughter gets 8/10 of the total estate.
Worked Example — Full Family Inheritance Calculation
Deceased: Father. Estate after debts and funeral = PKR 50 lakh. Heirs: Wife, 2 Sons, 1 Daughter, Mother (Father's mother).
| Heir | Share | Basis | PKR Amount |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wife | 1/8 | Children exist → 1/8 | 6,25,000 |
| Mother | 1/6 | Children exist → 1/6 | 8,33,333 |
| Residue for sons & daughter | 1 − 1/8 − 1/6 = 17/24 | Asabah (2:1 male:female ratio) | 35,41,667 |
| Son 1 | 2 shares out of 5 | 2:1 ratio (2 sons + 1 daughter = 5 shares) | 14,16,667 |
| Son 2 | 2 shares out of 5 | 2:1 ratio | 14,16,667 |
| Daughter | 1 share out of 5 | 2:1 ratio | 7,08,333 |
| Total | 100% | PKR 50,00,000 |
Legal Process for Inheritance in Pakistan
- Get a Succession Certificate: Apply to the local court (Civil Court / Family Court) for a Succession Certificate listing all legal heirs. This is required for bank accounts, shares, and moveable property
- Mutation (Intiqal): For immovable property, apply to PLRA/SRA or the local Patwari for Intiqal (mutation of property into heirs' names)
- FBR Notification: Inherited property transferred to legal heirs is not subject to Capital Gains Tax at the time of inheritance. However, declare inherited assets in your FBR Wealth Statement
- Future CGT on sale: When you later sell inherited property, CGT applies on the gain calculated from the FBR value at time of inheritance
⚠️ Important Advisory
Islamic inheritance law is complex and individual family situations vary significantly. This calculator handles the most common Hanafi scenarios but cannot cover all edge cases. Always consult a qualified Mufti or Muslim family law practitioner before making actual distribution decisions, especially for large estates, contested situations, or complex family structures.
📚 Related Guides — Learn More